Modal Verbs
The modal verbs are used to express the modality in the sentences. Such as permission, request, ability, polity, manners, warnings, supposition, surprise, quality, respect, compassion, urgency, suggestions,
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
condition, and etc.
There are 13 modal verbs almost in daily usable sentences.
Likewise
Will
The use of will and shall are just the opposite of their use in the tense. six reasons are described here -
- Determination
- Promise
- Command
- Intention
- Threat
- Compulsion
When we try to express any of the above sense of feelings we use shall and will just opposite of their uses.
e.g.
1- I'll do it soon.
2- We'll help you there.
3- Believe me, I'll be there at the party.
4- Actually you cannot attend the guest therefore I'll be there soon.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Shall
The use of will and shall are just the opposite of their use in the tense. six rules are described here-
- Determination
- Promise
- Command
- Intention
- Threat
- Compulsion
e.g.
1- Ram shall complete his work.
2- You shall do it.
3- Rahul Shall do it soon.
4- Ravi shall attend the guests today.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Should
To express the (future tense in the past tense)
e.g
1- Ravi said to me that I should attend the meeting the next day.
2- Gita said to Reeta that she should write a letter in 100 words.
3- I said that I should ask him some questions.
To express duty or obligation
e.g.
1- You should respect your seniors.
2- We should complete our homework.
3- You should keep your all books in your bag.
4- She should respect the teachers.
To express advice or suggestions
e.g.
1- You should take medicine daily.
2- Radha should return your books now.
3- They should consult a doctor.
4- He should go for a walk in the morning.
To express request
e.g.
1- I should like to say that he is not a blame.
2- We should like to say that He is not a thief.
3- I should like to say that Ravi hasn't done offense.
To express supposition or improvable advice
e.g.
1- Should you work hard you will pass.
2- Should they attend our party they will enjoy the new dish.
3- Should you improve your writing you will achieve better results.
To express probability
E.g.
1- Let's call mary. She should have reached at home.
2- Are you ready? The train should be here soon.
3- Rs. 100 is enough. It shouldn't cost more than that.
With lest in order to express purpose
e.g.
1- Go fast lest you should miss the train.
2- Write neat and clean lest you should fail in the exam.
3- Go for a morning walk always lest you should fall ill.
4- Attend a wonderful marriage party lest you should miss it.
To make conditional sentences
e.g.
1- Should it rain I will not go out.
2- Should you go to market bring me a copy.
3- Should the labor come here inform me.
4- Should you cook breakfast dine my table too.
Would
To express future tense in the past sentence.
e.g.
1- The teacher said that he would attend a meeting then.
2- They told me that they would cook a new dish that day.
3- I said that you would take tea.
4- Ram told my brother that he would start a new match in the next days.
To express past habits.
e.g.
1- She would go temple daily.
2- They would play cricket every day in the evening.
3- You would wear masks in the market.
4- He would play badminton daily.
To express determination.
e.g.
1- I would stand by him in all troubles.
2- They would help me in the exam preparation.
3- She would help me with project work.
4- He would design my website if I stuck any problem.
To express polite requests.
e.g.
1- Would you like to take tea?
2- Would you walk with me?
3- Would you play with us?
4- Would you take a rest?
To express wish or desire
e.g.
1- Would that I were a king!
2- Would that you were a prime minister!
3- Would that they were our teacher!
4- Would that I were a child again!
To express a preference.
e.g.
1- I would prefer death to dishonor
2- I would fail rather than copy in the exam.
3- I would starve than beg.
To express unreal conditions
e.g.
1- Had you worked hard you would have passed.
2- If they had gone temple they would have attended the preach.
3- Had they done homework they would have not punished.
4- If I had gone to the village I would have enjoyed the rain.
Can
To express ability
e.g.
1- I can drive a car.
2- He can read and write in English.
3- They can plow all the fields.
4- You can speak English.
To express a possibility.
e.g.
1- The principal can punish us.
2- Ravi can reach here.
3- Police can take a penalty for not wearing helmed.
4- The state government can start a new study pattern in schools.
To express permission.
e.g.
1- You can go for a picnic.
2- The principal says to us that we can walk for 10 minutes here.
3- Madam says that we can play for an hour.
4- My father says that I can ride a cycle on the road.
In the form of the phrase
e.g.
1- I cannot help laughing.
2- I cannot help dancing.
3- Baby cannot help weeping.
To express disposition
e.g.
1- She can tell a lie at any time.
2- He can blame anybody.
3- They can bluff at any time.
4- He can cheat anywhere.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Could
To express past tense of power
e.g.
1- I asked him if the principal could give me admission.
2- He asked me if I could help him.
3- I asked him if he could play football.
The past tense of ability.
e.g.
1- He could solve all the questions
2- I could answer your questions.
3- They could play a match well.
4- You could run very fast.
5- She could not climb the tree.
Polite request or present context
e.g.
1-Could you spare some time for me?
2- Could you lend me your book?
3-Could you please post this letter?
The past tense of possibility
e.g.
1- You could have caught the train if you had run fast.
2- If you had taken medicine regularly you could have recovered early.
3- If I had spare money I could buy that beautiful watch.
The feeling of impatience
e.g.
1- What could I do now?
2- How could it happen?
3- How could bluff me?
As a phrase in past
e.g.
1-The child couldn't help to weep.
2- I couldn't help laughing.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
May
To express permission
e.g.
1- May I come in sir?
Yes, you may.
2- May I use this pen?
yes, you may.
3-You may go there.
To express possibility
e.g.
1- You may get a prize.
2- It may rain today.
3- She may be at home now.
4- The road may be blocked.
To express purpose
e.g.
1- We eat so that we may live.
2- He works hard so that he may be passed.
3- I go for a morning walk daily so that I may be healthy.
4- They go fast so that they may catch the train.
To express wish or prayer
e.g.
1- May God bless you.
2- May you live long.
3- May her soul rest in peace.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Might
The past tense of may
e.g.
1- The teacher said that he might go home.
2- I asked him if he might see my watch.
The past tense of purpose
e.g.
1- He ran fast so that he might catch the train.
2- He played well so that he might win the prize.
3- She wore new clothes so that she might look beautiful.
Doubtful possibility
e.g.
1- He has not worked hard but he might pass.
2- She is working hard, she might achieve the scholarship.
3- Sarla has not attended my birthday party but she might send a gift.
Possibility in, e.g.
1- The Teacher said I might win the scholarship.
2- The doctor said that the patient might recover soon.
Permission
e.g.
1-The captain said that we might play a match.
2- The teacher said that I might for a picnic.
Future condition
e.g.
1- If he gets money, he might go to England.
2- If he works hard he might top the class.
3- If they play well they might defeat the opposition team.
Good wishes in the past
e.g.
1- The teacher said that I might live long.
2- We wished that India might win the WorldCup final.
Must
Necessity
e.g.
1- You must help your friend at the hour of need.
2- You must run fast to catch the train.
3- You must work hard to get good marks.
Obligation
e.g.
1- Soldiers must obey their commanders.
2- Parents must look after their children.
Determination
e.g.
1- I must leave for Chandigarh by tomorrow morning.
2- I must try my best.
3- I must finish this work today.
Compulsion
e.g.
1- We must follow the rules of the road.
2- We must not hurt others' feelings.
Certainty or belief
e.g.
1- He must have lost his temper.
2- She must have broken my slate.
3- He must be the principal of this school.
Emphatic advice.
e.g.
1- He must work hard to pass this exam.
2- They must serve their parents.
3- You must give up smoking.
Possibility
e.g.
1- He must have received my letter by now.
2- The teacher must have finished the course at this time.
Expectations
e.g.
1- There must be a mistake somewhere.
2- There must be something wrong in her mind.
Prohibition
e.g.
1- You must not leave the class without my permission.
2- You must leave the home without taking breakfast.
3- You must not touch my books.
Necessity or obligation
e.g.
1- We must learn our homework by tomorrow morning.
2- We must get good marks next year.
3- We must save something for our future.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Ought
Moral duty or obligation in the present tense
e.g.
1- You ought to obey your teachers.
2- We ought to respect our elders.
3- You ought to serve your country.
Moral duty or obligation in the past tense
e.g.
1- You ought to have worked hard.
2- You ought to have run fast.
3- You ought to have done this.
Advice
e.g.
1- You ought to consult a good doctor.
2- You ought to read a good storybook.
3- We ought to walk fast as we are getting late.
Strong probability
e.g.
1- He is very hardworking: he ought to win the scholarship.
2- He is a very good racer: he ought to win the championship.
3- The film ought to be a great success.
4- Sita ought to win.
Need
When it is used as a principal verb,
e.g.
1- I need his help.
2- He needs my help.
3- He doesn't need my help.
4- Does he need your help?
5- I needed his help.
Need as a defective verb in negative and interrogative sentences.
e.g.
1- You need not go there.
2- I don't need to prepare a meal.
3- She need not blame us.
4- You need not worry.
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Dare
As a principal verb. It means a challenge
e.g.
1- He dares to face his enemy.
2- He dared to face his enemy.
As a defective verb. It means venture
e.g.
1- He dare not face his enemy.
2- Dare he faces his enemy?
3- He durst not face his enemy.
4- Durst he faces his enemy?
5- How durst he faces his enemy?
For more translation practice: Hindi into English translation Practice
Used to
Affirmative sentences
e.g.
1- Gandhi ji used to spin for an hour daily.
2- When I was young, I used to work for twelve hours daily.
3- He used to pay a visit every now and then.
Negative sentences
e.g.
1- She used not to tell a lie.
2- He used not to smoke but now he is a challenging smoker.
3- There used not to be much traffic.
Interrogative sentences
e.g.
1- Used he to drink when he was young?
2-Used she to work hard when she was a student?
3- Used you to go there?
Passive voice sentences
e.g.
1- She is used to taking tea.
2- I'm used to a simple life.
3- he got used to rising early.
4- We are not used to telling a lie.
Q.1 There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge. You ... buy any.
- Needn't
- Can't
- Shouldn't
- wouldn't
Needn't
Q.2 This is a hospital. You ........ smoke here.
- mustn't
- needn't
- couldn't
- shouldn't
mustn't
Q.3 He had been working for more than 11 hours. He ...... be tired after such haed work.
- must
- need
- would
- should
must
Q.3 He ..... prefer to get some rest.
- must
- may
- should
- need
may
Q.4 I ..... speak Arabic fluently when I was a child and we lived in Morocco. But after we moved back to Canada, I had very little exposure to the language and forgot almost everything I knew as a child.
- must
- could
- can
- need
could
Q.5 Now, I ....... just say a few things in the language.
- must
- may
- should
- need
may
Q.5 The teacher said we ..... read this book for our own pleasure as it is optional.
- can
- could
- should
- need
can
Q.6 But we ...... read it if we don't want to.
- can't
- wouldn't
- shouldn't
- needn't
needn't
Q.7 But we ...... read it if we don't want to.
- can't
- wouldn't
- shouldn't
- needn't
needn't
Q.7 .......you stand on your head for more than a minute? No, I .......
- can, can't
- can, wouldn't
- may, shouldn't
- need, needn't
can, can't
Q.7 If you want to learn to speak English fluently, you ...... worry.
- needn't
- shouldn't
- wouldn't
- can't
needn't
Q.8 We will help you become a fluent speaker but you have to work hard..
Take an umbrella. It ..... rain later.
- might
- should
- would
- can
might
Q.9 You ........ leave small objects lying around.
- shouldn't
- couldn't
- wouldn't
- can't
couldn't
Q.10 Such objects .... be swallowed by children.
- should
- could
- may
- can
may
Q.11 People ..... walk on the grass.
- mustn't
- couldn't
- shouldn't
- can't
Couldn't
Q.12 Drivers ........ stop when the traffic lights are red.
- must
- could
- should
- can
must
Q.13 ...... I ask a question? Yes, of course.
- must
- could
- may
- can
may
Q.14 You ...... take your umbrella. It is not raining.
- needn't
- couldn't
- wouldn't
- can't
needn't
Q.15 ..... you speak Italian? No, I ........
- need, needn't
- could, couldn't
- would, wouldn't
- can, can't
can, can't
Q.16 Anna ..... not jump off the high fence.
- dare
- used
- should
- might
dare
Q.17 Annabel ........ be here by now.
- dare
- ought to
- used to
- would
ought to
Q.18 ...... we ... make a start?
- Can, to
- ought, to
- use, to
- would, to
ought to
Q.19 Anna, come on, you ..... tell me what he said!
- could
- may
- might
- would
might
Q.20 I .......... live in New Zealand from last ten years.
- ought to
- used to
- might
- would
used to
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