What is history of computer?

Generation of Computer

1st Gen of Computer - 1940-56 Tech-Vacuum Tube

Example- ANIAC, UNIVAC IBM701 

2nd gen of computer – 1956-63 Tech – Magnetic drum

Example - UNIVAC1108, IBM7094HoneyWell 400

3rd gen of computer - 19-71 Tech – Integrated Circuit

Example - IBM360, PDO-11, ICL 2900

4th gen of computer – 1972-90 Tech – Microprocessor

Example - IBM4341, DEC10, PUP11

5th gen of computer – 1990 to Onward Tech- Artificial Intelligence.

Example- Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Ultrabook.

Computer Generation

Components of Computer



1- Printer - Output device- It’s used to print out the pages.


2- Speaker- Output device- It’s used to play sound.


3- Monitor- Output device- It’s used to display the data.

4- Keyboard- Input device- It’s used to type the data.


5- Mouse- Input device- It’s used to click the options.


6- C.P.U-Brain of Computer- It executes every command.


7- U.P.S-Power Supply- It supplies the power to the computer.

History of Computer

 

The historical name of the computer- Abacus

 

First computer technology invented- 1642

 

Father of Computer technology- Blaise Pascal

 

Father of computer – Charles Babbage

 

The computer was invented – 1823-1834, after 11 years

 

India first time used computer- 1956

MS-DOS(CUI) used an OS- 1970-1984 by IBM.

Windows(GUI) was first used- 1985, Windows 1.0x

First digital computer- ANIAC in 1946

Definition of Computer

A Computer is an electronic machine in which we input the data and it does process then it gives us output in a required format.

Shortcut keys-

Help – f1

Cut- ctrl+x

Print- ctrl+p

Save- ctrl+s

Save as- f12

Align center- ctrl+e

Align right- ctrl+r

Align justify- ctrl+j

Find – ctrl+f

Replace- ctrl+h

Align left- ctrl+l

Copy- ctrl+c

Paste- ctrl+v

Select all – ctrl+a

Bold- ctrl+b

Italic- ctrl+i

Underline- ctrl+u

Shutdown- alt+f4

Close win- ctrl+w

Increase font- ctrl+shift+>

Decrease font- ctrl+shift+<

Footnote- ctrl+alt+f

Endnote- ctrl+alt+d

SuperScript- ctrl+shift+=

SubScript- ctrl+=

Equation- alt+=

Spelling check- f7

Undo- ctrl+z

Redo- ctrl+y

Run command- Win+R

Change desktop windows- Alt+tab

Boot- Ctrl+alt+del

Goto- ctrl+g

Hardware- 

Those Components of a computer which we can see and touch. Like monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, speaker, etc.

Software-

 Those instructions which we can see but we cannot touch. Like the word, excel, Photoshop, etc.




Humanware- The user who operates the computer is called humanware.



Two parts of hardware-

1-    CPU and 

2-    Peripherals.

CPU- 

The Center Processing Unit is the brain of the computer and when a signal is sent to a microprocessor which executes OS and completes the booting process. 3 parts- CU, ALU, MU.

RAM and ROM are the parts of the Memory unit.

Peripherals- 

All input, output, and storage devices are called peripherals. Keyboard, mouse, printer, speaker.

Full forms-

CPU- Center processing unit

UPS- Uninterruptible power supply.

IBM- International Business Machine.

SMS- Small message service.

E-mail- Electronic Mail

IRC- Internet Relay Chat

ARPANET- Advance Research Project Administration Network.

GUI- Graphic User Interface.

CUI- Character User Interface.

DOS- Disc Operating System.

GOOGLE-

PC- Personal Computer

RAM- Random Access Memory.

ROM- Read Only Memory

OS- Operating System.

LCD- Liquid Crystal Display.

LED- light emitting diode.

NTFS- New technology file system

FAT- File Allocation Table

DOC-Document

Txt- Text

MS- Microsoft

SD- Secure Digital

MMC- Multimedia Card

CD- Compact Disc

DVD- Digital Versatile Disc

ISO – International Organization for standardization.

DB- Database

IC- Integrated Circuit.

VLSIC- Very Large Scale of Integrated Circuit.

SYS- System

CONFIG- Configuration

CTRL- Control

ALT- Alternate

ESC- Escape

DEL- Delete

FN- Function

PrtScr- Print Screen

Ins- Insert

CMD- command

TEMP- Temporary

PgUp- Page UP

PgDwn- Page Down

WMP- Windows media player

MP3- Moving picture expert group phase 3

JPG/JPEG- Joint Photo expert group

GIF- Graphics Interchange Format.

RGB- Red green blue

CMYK- Cyan magenta yellow black

PRO- Professional

.COM- Component Object Model.

USB- Universal Serial Bus

IT- Information Technology.

IP- Internet Protocol.

PHP- Hypertext Preprocessor

WWW- World Wide Web.

XML- Extensible Markup Language.

TLD- Top Level Domain

CEO- Chief Executive Officer

KB- Kilobyte

RAM- Random Access Memory.

ROM- Read Only Memory.

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